Advantages Watertightness:
Ceramic tiles are used as a sealing element of the roof. This watertightness is provided by the characteristics of the material itself, the shape of the parts (curved, flat or mixed), the overlaps between them and their correct installation.
Insulation and ventilation:
Thermal insulation levels of roofs as required by the current Basic Standard on Thermal Conditions in Buildings NBE-CT 79 and the future Technical Code of Building, are:
| CURRENT STANDARD: NBE-CT-79 |
| Type of enclosure |
Maximum Values of K in (W /m2 ºC)
Climatic zone according to map 2 (art.13) |
| V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
| Covered exterior Enclosures |
Roofs |
1,4 |
1,4 |
1,2 |
0,9 |
0,7 |
| FUTURE STANDARD: (CTE) |
| Type of enclosure |
Maximum Values of K in (W /m2 ºC)
Climatic zone according to map |
| A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
| Roofs |
1,33 |
1,06 |
0,8 |
0,61 |
0,51 |
Ceramic tiles help to achieve good hygrothermal performance of the roof.
The degree of ventilation is decisive, and should be such that the humidity content is maintained under the point of saturation.
Roofs can be classified into different functional outlines:
- Hot roof (not ventilated).
- Cold roof (ventilated).
Further information
Frost/thaw resistance
Ceramic tiles should not be susceptible to frost according to standard UNE EN 539-2, thereby guaranteeing a good level frost/thaw resistance of the roof.
Bending strength:
Ceramic tiles guarantee a minimum bending strength of:
| Type of tile |
Minimum bending resistance
(dAN) |
| Curved tile |
100 |
| Mixed tile |
100 |
| Flat tile |
90 |
Reaction to fire:
With regard to their reaction to fire, ceramic tiles and parts are classified as M0. They are non-combustible to thermal action standardized in the corresponding test, and do not emit gases or fumes when in contact with flames.
According to Decision 94/611/CE of the Commission, for ceramic parts with a mass content or volume of homogenously distributed organic material of <= 1,0%, the declaration is class A1 “without contributing to fire”, without the need for testing. Ceramic parts and tiles can therefore also be classified under euroclass A1 in reaction to fire.
Soundproofing:
Ceramic files contribute to the good acoustic performance of the roof.
Soundproofing levels against airborne noise for roofs according to the Basic Standard of Acoustic Conditions in Buildings NBE-CA 88 and the future Technical Building Code, are:
| Levels of Soundproofing against airborne noise (dBA) |
| Roofs |
Future Standard
CTE
on Roofs (dBA) |
Current Regulations
NBE CA-88
on Soundproofing (dBA) |
Between protected enclosures and outside.
Predominance of road traffic noise. |
> 30 |
> 45 |
Between protected enclosures and outside
Predominance of railway traffic or station noise. |
> 32 |
> 45 |
Between protected enclosures and outside.
Predominance of aircraft noise |
> 35 |
> 45 |
Aesthetics and blending into the landscape:
The use of ceramic tiles used in any building means that it is possible to achieve the highest levels of aesthetics which blend into the landscape.
Regarding the environment:
Ceramic tiles offer a wide variety of options to respect both historic-artistic and landscape characteristics of the surroundings, with their shapes, finishes and range of colours.
The production of ceramic tiles consumes less energy than other alternative products, and they are also fully recyclable, leading to better preservation of the environment.
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